The Scale of the Post War Golden Age of Economic Growth Enjoyed

Paragraph and Essay Development - Definition and Examples

Section and Essay Development s In structure, advancement is the way toward adding enlightening and illustrative subtleties to help the principle thought in a passage or exposition. Likewise known asâ elaboration. Passages and papers can be created from multiple points of view. In regular structure courses (see current-conventional talk), the accompanying examples of piece (or models of sythesis) are frequently introduced as the standard strategies for advancement in explanatory composition: AnalogyCause and EffectClassification and DivisionComparison and ContrastExampleExtended DefinitionProcess Analysis Models and Observations [The] strategies for advancement arent void containers to pour brimming with any old, dull words. Nor are they restraints woven by beastly English educators to stick your composing arm to your side and shield you from communicating normally. The techniques are devices for accomplishing your motivation recorded as a hard copy, whatever that reason might be. They can enable you to find what you know, what you have to know, how to think basically about your subject, and how to shape your writing.(X.J. Kennedy and Dorothy M. Kennedy, The Bedford Reader, seventh ed. Bedford/St. Martins, 2000) The Importance of Providing Supporting Details Conceivably the most seriousand most commonweakness of all expositions by beginner authors is the absence of adequately created body passages. The data in each passage should satisfactorily clarify, represent, characterize, or in some other way bolster your point sentence. Accordingly, you should remember enough supporting data or proof for each passage to cause your perusers to comprehend your subject sentence. Besides, you should make the data in the passage clear and explicit enough for the perusers to acknowledge your ideas. (Jean Wyrick, Steps to Writing Well, eleventh ed. Wadsworth, 2011) Lifting weights What the opening of an exposition guarantees, the body of the article must convey. This is known as building up your thoughts, however I like to utilize a lifting weights representation since it infers adding mass to a system, yet musculature. At the end of the day, great paper advancement reinforces, not simply rounds out. . . .What is the most ideal approach to strengthen the primary thought of your exposition? You can do some by utilizing any mix of the accompanying six strategies for advancement: StatisticsComparisonClassification and DivisionExample, case-in-pointQuotationCharacterization, dialogue By utilizing these weight training components, you are telling your perusers, I dont anticipate that you should take my statement for these cases; I need you to see for yourself! (Fred D. White, LifeWriting: Drawing from Personal Experience to Create Features You Can Publish. Plume Driver Books, 2004) Different Patterns of Development Albeit most short papers may utilize one essential example with different examples woven all through, longer papers may have at least two essential examples of advancement. For instance, in the event that you are composing a paper on the circumstances and end results of kid maltreatment in the child care framework, you may, after the causal investigation, move the essential focal point of the exposition to anticipation, in this manner proceeding with the article with a procedure examination of what the state may do to forestall kid misuse. At that point you may end the article by tending to the complaints from those shielding the framework, moving the focal point of the paper to argumentation. Your choice to incorporate other essential examples relies upon your motivation and crowd. Your proposition makes your motivation understood to your peruser. At that point as you build up your paper, you may incorporate different examples into your paragraphs. (Luis Nazario, Deborah Borchers, and William Lewis, Bridges to Better Writing. Wadsworth, 2010)

Jamestown

Jamestown Jamestown. 1 City (1990 pop. 34,681), Chautauqua co., W N.Y., on Chautauqua Lake; founded c.1806, inc. as a city 1886. It is the business and financial center of a dairy, livestock, and vineyard area. The chief industries are food processing and furniture and machine manufacture. Nearby are Allegany State Park and the Chautauqua Institution, a cultural and recreational center on the lake. Lucille Ball was born in the city. 2 City (1990 pop. 15,571), seat of Stutsman co., SE N.Dak., on the James River, in a farm area; founded 1871 when Fort Seward was established to protect railroad workers, inc. 1896. It is the trade and processing center for an agricultural area where grain and flour are produced and sunflowers and livestock are raised. Processed food, ordnance, and construction materials are manufactured. Jamestown College is in the city. Fort Seward Historic Site and a restored frontier village lie on the outskirts. 3 Former village, SE Va., first permanent English set tlement in America; est. May 14, 1607, by the London Company on a marshy peninsula (now an island) in the James River and named for the reigning English monarch, James I. Disease, starvation, and Native American attacks wiped out most of the colony, but the London Company continually sent more men and supplies, and John Smith briefly provided efficient leadership (he returned to England in 1609 for treatment of an injury). After the severe winter of 1609â€"10 (the starving time ), the survivors prepared to return to England but were stopped by the timely arrival of Lord De la Warr with supplies. John Rolfe cultivated the first tobacco there in 1612, introducing a successful source of livelihood; in 1614 he assured peace with the local Native Americans by marrying Pocahontas , daughter of chief Powhatan. In 1619 the first representative government in the New World met at Jamestown, which remained the capital of Virginia throughout the 17th cent. The village was almost entirel y destroyed during Bacon's Rebellion ; it was partially rebuilt but fell into decay with the removal of the capital to Williamsburg (1698â€"1700). Of the 17th-century settlement, only the old church tower (built c.1639) and a few gravestones were visible when National Park Service excavations began in 1934. Today, most of Jamestown Island is owned by the U.S. government and is included in Colonial National Historical Park (see National Parks and Monuments , table); a small portion comprises the Jamestown National Historic Site, which is owned by the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities. A tercentenary celebration was held in 1907, and in 1957 the Jamestown Festival Park was built to commemorate the 350th anniversary. The park, which was renamed Jamestown Settlement in 1990, contains exhibit pavilions and replicas of the first fort, the three ships that brought the first settlers, and a Native American village. Excavations that began in 1994 finally uncovered the original fort at Jamestown, which had long been believed to have been eroded away by the river. See report by the Celebration Commission, The 350th Anniversary of Jamestown, 1607â€"1957 (1958); C. Bridenbaugh, Jamestown, 1544â€"1699 (1980); D. A. Price, Love and Hate in Jamestown (2003). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. Political Geography

Holden Caulfield and the Pressures of Society The...

Confucius, a Chinese philosopher, once stated, â€Å"You cannot open a book without learning something.† Throughout time, books, molded by their authors, have been the key source of knowledge. Regardless of the subject, most works of literature often have a message or theme for the reader. Not only do authors use themes, but also well developed characters to bring a novel to life. In the bildungsroman, The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger, characterization is often found, especially regarding the protagonist, Holden Caulfield. Salinger also includes many themes in his novel relating to growing up in a corrupt society. Hence, this paper will compare, contrast, and evaluate literary criticisms regarding the themes and characterization†¦show more content†¦In conclusion, these critics agree that Holden is a kind and considerate character. This novel supports the beliefs of Reiff, Bloom, and Pinsker that Holden Caulfield, although it may not seem, is overall a go od person. Throughout this novel, the reader indirectly discovers more about Holden. Between his vague thoughts and discussions with other characters, it becomes apparent who Holden truly is. For example, on the train to New York, Holden has an encounter with the mother of Ernest Morrow, a student from Holden’s school, Pencey Prep. Mrs. Morrow praises her son and calls him sensitive while Holden thinks that, â€Å"Morrow was about as sensitive as a goddam toilet seat† (Salinger 55). Although Holden disagrees, he exaggerates and tells Mrs. Morrow how great her son is. Holden tries to make Mrs. Morrow delighted and proud by speaking highly of her son, although it may not be true. He can not bring himself to tell her the truth and shatter her perception of her son. The reason behind these lies is to keep Mrs. Morrow from becoming hurt or disappointed, supporting Pinsker’s belief. Even with a stranger that Holden barely knew, he is attentive and does anythi ng to keep he or she happy. Additionally, when Holden and his friend, Mal, are going out for the night, Holden invites Ackley to come along with them. Although Mal is reluctant, Holden eventually convinces him to let Ackley accompany them. Holden finds Ackley annoying andShow MoreRelatedHow Salinger’s Holden Caulfield Relates to Teenagers Throughout Time1412 Words   |  6 PagesHow Salinger’s Holden Caulfield Relates to Teenagers Throughout Time In 1951, J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye was #1 on the New York Time’s bestseller list. Since then, the American Literary Association claims The Catcher in the Rye is a â€Å"favorite of censors.† The use of harsh language and profanity has been a long time debate of educators causing the novel to be pulled off bookshelves and propelling J.D. Salinger and his protagonist, Holden Caulfield, into reluctant fame. TheRead More 1950s Culture Exposed in The Catcher in the Rye Essay1361 Words   |  6 Pages1950s Culture Exposed in The Catcher in the Rye    J.D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye is a remarkable book that gives readers a unique and perhaps gloomy perspective of the 1950s through Holden Caulfield, a cynical and peculiar teenager. Through The Catcher in the Rye Salinger describes important aspects of the 1950s. Salinger emphasizes several key characteristics of the 50s and criticizes them through Holden. In addition, Holden Caulfield is a very interesting character withRead More Catcher in the Rye Essay: Holden - The Misfit Hero2101 Words   |  9 Pagesof The Catcher In The Rye      Ã‚     The Catcher In The Rye by J.D. Salinger was published in 1951. A recurring theme in J.D. Salingers stories concerns people who dont fit in with the traditional American Culture. Salingers misfit heroes, unlike the rest of society, are caught in the struggle between a superficial world and a conscious morality (1 Wildermuth). In his attempt to create a new and realistic portrayal of the times, Salinger first, effectively creates Holden Caulfield, the mainRead MoreThe Catcher In The Rye Analysis1657 Words   |  7 Pagesdaunting face of adulthood. In J. D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye, Salinger depicts the disheartening journey from adolescence to adulthood that Holden Caulfield endures. Although holden seeks the freedoms that mark adulthood, he has yet to take up the role of a truly mature citizen as the society conforming nature of those adults disgust him, leading him to his gradual mental decline. J. D. Salinger uses the immature character of Holden Caul field as a means of revealing the difficult transitionRead MoreThe Innocence of Childhood in The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger1262 Words   |  6 Pagesa role in society that they must fulfill as a responsible, mature individual. The novel â€Å"The Catcher in the Rye† by J.D. Salinger follows the endeavours of Holden Caulfield, a sixteen-year-old teenage boy who faces a point in his life where he must make the transition from childhood to adulthood. In an attempt to retain his own childhood, he begins hoping to stop other young children from growing up and losing their innocence as well. As indicated by the title, â€Å"The Catcher in the Rye† is a bookRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D.Salinger983 Words   |  4 PagesThe Catcher in the Rye, by J.D Salinger, is a classic novel that recognize as a perfect tale of teenage rebellion. Salinger highlights the impacts of depression in this novel. After the World War II, The Catcher in the Rye became so popular because it was the first book that revealed the true feelings of teenager. Holden Caulfield, the main character in the novel, symbolizes a teenager revolting against a society and struggles to transit into an adult world. Moreover, his personality reveals uncertaintyRead MoreEmotional Damage, Hidden Truths, and Accepting Responsibility in J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye 1996 Words   |  8 PagesEmotional Damage, Hidden Truths, and Accepting Responsibility in J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye When one finds themselves in a reader’s position, they search for things in the novel that they can relate to. J. D. Salinger wrote a story that contained countless topics that people, past, present and future, can relate to in several ways. The novel follows the story of a troubled boy named Holden who leaves school due to his poor academic performance, an altercation with his roommate, and complicationsRead More The Phony Theme of The Catcher In The Rye Essay example1353 Words   |  6 PagesThe Phony Theme of The Catcher In The Rye by J.D. Salinger      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In life there comes a time when everyone thinks that they are surrounded by phoniness. This often happens during the teen years when the person is trying to find a sense of direction. Holden Caulfield, a 16-year-old teen-ager is trying to find his sense of direction in J.D. Salingers, The Catcher In The Rye. Holden has recently been expelled from Pency Prep for failing four out of his five classes. He decides to startRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger1005 Words   |  5 PagesHolden Caulfield, the protagonist of J.D. Salinger’s classic coming of age tale The Catcher in the Rye, entices readers through his hyper-critical scrutinization of the post-war consumer world. The novel itself is acclaimed to be quite autobiographical; the similarities between Salinger and Holden are numerous. Holden is an avid critic of materialistic American ideals, and he aims to preserve innocence in others, and to save himself from falling into the land of ad ulthood. After failing out ofRead MoreTheme Analysis of Alienation in Books the Catcher in the Rye and 19841390 Words   |  6 Pagessociological or Philosophical-anthropological category, largely derived from the writings of Hegel, Feuerbach and Marx. When one is not accepted by society, he becomes an Outsider to everyone around him. Alienation refers to an individuals estrangement from traditional community or others in general (social isolation), the dominant values of society, or even themselves (self-estrangement), but in General the term implies a lack of identification between a person (or what he Considers himself

What Is Mass Surveillance - 1255 Words

What is mass surveillance? Mass surveillance is the collection of electronic data (e.g. e-mails or phone call metadata) in bulk, which means the data is being collected from many people at once instead of targeting individuals and performing surveillance on them. There are multiple methods for performing mass surveillance, but the two that are generally used by the U.S. are upstream collection and querying the data from telecom (communications) providers such as ATT under the USA Freedom Act; before the passage of the USA Freedom Act, the NSA (The National Security Agency) would collect the metadata of phone calls itself, store them, and cross check them (under Section 215 of the Patriot Act) with other intelligence information using X-Keyscore to make connections related to individuals of interest; it can still do the same, but it must first request the data from the provider using a secret warrant granted by the FISA, which is meant to be issued only after a specific reason is given as traditional warrants would also require, but it grants the NSA a renewal for a general warrant every 90 days that has and will continue to enable it to collect large amounts of call metadata without giving specific reasoning; essentially, whereas before the NSA would request, collect, and store information itself so that it could be queried later, it now queries the information directly from the telecom providers. Upstream surveillance is the â€Å"collection of communications on fiberShow MoreRelatedMass Surveillance Is Not A Justified Method Of Governmental Intelligence Gathering1664 Words   |  7 PagesResolution: Mass surveillance is not a justified method of governmental intelligence gathering. We define the term â€Å"surveillance†, as the act of carefully watching someone or something especially in order to prevent or detect a crime, as does Merriam - Webster’s dictionary. We will have three main contentions. First: anti-terrorism, second: cost-effective, and third: it does not affect people. Contention One: Anti-Terrorism. Mass surveillance prevents terrorism in many ways. First, Mass surveillance is justRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Why Mass Surveillance Violates International Law ``905 Words   |  4 PagesResponse to Simon’s â€Å"Why Mass Surveillance Violates International Law† Around the world, the issue of human rights is widely debated. Why people very interested issue of human rights? With the popularity of the broadband, the development of science and technology, the use of the network become a very common life. People can skillfully use the internet and like to comment in the network. So the issue of â€Å"whether or not internet user should use real name speech in the network.†, many countries hasRead MoreThe Increase of State Surveillance in the United States and United Kingdom511 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction With today’s technological surveillance capabilities, our actions are observable, recordable and traceable. Surveillance is more intrusive than it has been in the past. For numerous years countries such as the United State and the United Kingdom have been actively monitoring their citizens through the use of surveillance technology. This state surveillance has been increasing with each passing year, consequently invading the citizen’s fundamental constitutional right to privacy,. ThisRead MoreGovernment Surveillance During The Modern Era1058 Words   |  5 PagesSnowden, a former CIA employee, became a whistleblower and revealed mass surveillance programs happening in the United States and other countries where the communications of all citizens, and all the data therein, are being recorded and collected at all times (Snowden). While some have been suspecting that this has been happening for years, this is the first time that concrete evidence has been revealed to pro ve that government surveillance occurs in the modern era. This revelation no doubt was controversialRead MoreMass Surveillance and Its Role in Promoting National Security1148 Words   |  5 Pagesculture that demands to know what is going on. That being said, it is no wonder Americans were outranged upon discovering their government had been discreetly monitoring their activity. The spark that ignited the controversy of mass surveillance initially arose in early 2013, when former CIA {Central Intelligence Agency} and NSA {National Security Agency} employee Edward Snowden â€Å"leaked information about the United States government’s highly classified mass surveillance programs† to journalists fromRead MoreAnalyzing Communication And Access For Private Data926 Words   |  4 Pages Mass surveillance Concrete evidence floats to the surface; a hope emerges from cloud of despair. Yet, the evidence is meaningless and hope gets electrocuted by the ionic discharge of the clouds. Edward Snowden leaked information about the mass surveillance by the National Security Agency on 2013. Two years later the surveillance still continues and Snowden is a refuge in Russia. Billions of emails, messages, searches, VOIP etc. stillRead MoreMass Surveillance : A Questionable Activity Essay1052 Words   |  5 PagesMass Surveillance: A Questionable Activity On September 11, 2001 people’s eyes from all over the world were witnessing one of the most dramatic events that was broadcast live. This major terrorist attack was followed by many, and lead our governments to take drastic measures to prevent as much as possible this kind of situation to happen again. Privacy did not become the first priority for the authorities, safety was. When Edward Snowden released through media classified National Security Agency’sRead MoreEssay On Government Surveillance1529 Words   |  7 Pagesconstantly watches each and every one of our moves. By definition, surveillance is any systematic focus on any information in order to influence, manage, entitle, or control those whose information is collected. (Bennet et Al, 6). From driving to the shopping mall to withdrawing money from the ATM machine, Canadians are being watched constantly. With Canada’s commitment to advance technology and infrastructure in the 1960s, government surveillanc e is much easier and much more prevalent than it was hundredsRead MoreComputer Ethics Term Paper : Security Vs. Privacy1518 Words   |  7 PagesEthics Term Paper Security vs. Privacy Following the terrorist attacks on September of 2001, President George W. Bush signed into law The USA PATRIOT Act. Intended to enhance law enforcement investigatory tools, The Patriot Act made changes to surveillance laws that enabled the U.S government to collect computer information about both American and foreign citizens in unprecedented ways. During the following years, through a series of legislative changes and court decisions, The United States NationalRead MoreMass Surveillance and the Panopticon Analysis Essay1447 Words   |  6 Pages In Michael Foucault’s â€Å"Discipline and Punish†, the late eighteen century English philosopher Jeremy Benthams model of Panopticon was illustrated as a metaphor for the contemporary technologies of mass surveillance. Originally derived from the measures to control â€Å"abnormal beings† against the spreading of a plague, the Panopticon is an architecture designed to induce power with a permanent sense of visibility. With a tower in the center, surrounded by cells, the prisoners can be monitored and

Benefits to the family, school, and community of school age program Free Essays

Schools are seen to have natural intervention vehicles that many health programs for children can fit. Today schools are used as venue for influencing healthy habits in children. Healthy living values, skills, and actions that promote healthy living and healthful behaviors of children are now being integrated in school age programs. We will write a custom essay sample on Benefits to the family, school, and community of school age program or any similar topic only for you Order Now Healthy living is essential to children’s effective living and learning. Accordingly â€Å"getting children started early in the habit of healthy living will benefit them throughout their lives† (Breithaupt, 2004). A healthy lifestyle helps children achieve their full physical, mental, social and emotional potential. Age-appropriate recreational activities in the school like camping, ball games, and physical exercise are considered to be constructive and developmental vehicles for children’s physical and social-well being that enhance a balanced and healthy living. School age program adopting healthy living has indeed a positive impact to the family, the community, and the surrounding organizations. The promotion of healthy living in school helps parents accomplish their primary responsibility to raise their children in a healthy way. Its re-assuring effect offers them degree of flexibility and enables them to work and conduct other activities away from their children. Parents become more effective and productive in their work. The children’s healthy learning experiences in school help eliminate parents’ anxiety of the well-being of their children. Further, the effect of the promotion of healthy living in school makes the school environment safe and conducive to healthy living for everybody and its impact goes beyond the classroom, the school, and the family as it also benefited the community and the surrounding organizations. The healthy living values, skills, and behavior of children learned in school can help improve the quality of life in the community reducing the risks of health-related problems and anti-social behaviors, and give assurance of a healthy adult population in the future. The surrounding organization will have also a reduced budget for medical and healthcare programs, thus allowing them to create other developmental programs for the community. Reference List Breithaupt, G. (2004). Healthy living early benefits children. Mount Vernon News. Retrieved January 27, 2007 from http://www. mountvernonnews. com/local/06/03/04/fitness. html. How to cite Benefits to the family, school, and community of school age program, Essays

Relationship of frictional force related to the sinkage depth Essay Example

Relationship of frictional force related to the sinkage depth Paper The graph above shows the data that establishes the relationship between rolling resistance of the bicycle and the sinkage depth of the tire on the sand bed. The relationship is found to be linear and is the only linear relationship in the whole experiment . As the sinkage depth of the tire increases the rolling resistance of the tire also increases . This shows that rolling resistance is directly proportional to sinkage depth . As we saw above the relationship between sinkage depth and the air pressure of the tire is varied and at the best can be explained by a polynomial trend . Arriving at the final conclusion for the rolling resistance based on the sole evidence of the sinkage depth on behalf of the air pressure of the tire. We can state that in order to determine the best possible value for the least resistance we would have to arrive at the a value offers the least sinkage depth for a given air pressure in order to attain the least rolling resistance the tire faces and optimize the force efficiency . Rolling resistance in this case is primarily caused due to a characteristic of a deformable material such that energy of deformation is greater than the energy of recovery . We will write a custom essay sample on Relationship of frictional force related to the sinkage depth specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Relationship of frictional force related to the sinkage depth specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Relationship of frictional force related to the sinkage depth specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In this case the rubber component of the tire causes hysteresis , a property characteristic to elastic tires . The hysteresis causes the tire tire to lose energy due to the constant stretch and recovery . Looking at the results obtained from the experiment and the trends observed it can be stated that the primary cause that has affected the rolling resistance by the tire due its sinkage depth is the compressibility of the sand and the elasticity of the tire . The compressibility of the sand or compaction resistance is usually produced in this case by the work done by the cycle in making a rut of the depth . Another factor affecting the rolling resistance due to the sinakge depth is the amount of sand displaced by the tire in displacing the soil. The wheel compresses in the sand pushes out the sand from its original place. Hence as the work done by the bicycle increases in order to remove the sand from the original place the rolling resistance increases. The bulldozing resistance is mitigated by the fact that a portion of the soil is pushed to the sides of the wheel. The results from the experiment show polynomical trend rather than a linear trend . the most desirable data for the rolling resistance would be the sinkage depth as the rolling resistance force is directly proportional to the sinkage depth . The graph starts off with a sinkage depth of 0. 98 cm due to 49. 04 kPa and decreases until it reaches 0. 2 cm from which the value of the sinkage depth starts to increase . At 147. 12 kPA the tire has a considerable amount f air inflated . The amount of the air inflated is between the range of the air pressure classified as underflated an overflated. The ideal air pressure which in this case is 147. 12 kPa increases the thread area of the tire on the sand bed , increasing the width of the tore on the sand which causes the force of the tire on the sand to be spread out in the surface rather actually penetration the sand bed . At 49kPa and 98kPa there the tire is almost mildly inflated . With the tires fully inflated capacity being 320. 26kPA , these two pressure allow the tire to be inflated just 15. 3% and 30. 6% of their maximum capacity respectively . While pedaling the bicycle because of the lack of the air pressure of the tire and bicycle frame comes in close contact and force the sidewalls of the tire to flex due to the force that is being applied and pushes the bicycle deep into the sand bed due to this flexing phenomenon . From the above data we cannot establish linear relationship between air pressure and sinkage depth . There are many factors that affect the sinkage depth of a tire due to the air pressure . The air pressure of the tire causes the tread material in the tire to expand as it is partially filled and when the tread material is on the sand it adjusts the frame and the tread in a suitable manner . However as the air pressure in the tire increases and the tire is capacity for the air pressure reduces , the air that is present in the tire has less freedom to move around so as to adjust the frame and the tread of the tire in order to efficiently place itself . Hence as the air pressure in the tire begins to fill the tire up completely the sinkage depth in the tire increases . The air pressure in the tire limits the thread from spreading out the force on the sand and hence on a surface area of the sand as the force increases because it can’t be spread out the pressure on the sand increases and the tire sinks in deeper . Our research question which formed the basis of the essay was How does change in Sinkage depth of a tire affect the rolling resistance . The main of this experiment was to establish a relationship between sinkage depth of the tire and the rolling resistance it faces . The experiment involved allowing a bicycle , with specific air pressure which was measured using an air pressure gauge , with trainers to roll down a wooden ramp of length 5 meters and width 3 metres inclined at an angle of 45 ° to the ground . The bicycle after rolling down from the ramp rolled on a sand bed that was smoothened and softened by hand . The sand was wetted by adding 250cm3 of tap water in a linear manner , in order to make the sand retentive of the sinkage marks made by the tire. The reading of the sinkage depth was measured with the help of a vernier caliper. Consequently, the rolling resistance was calculated using these values . At the end of the experiment we successfully derived a linear relationship between the sinkage depth of the tire and the rolling resistance. The rolling resistance that the tire faces is directly proportional to the sinkage depth of the tire. Hence as the sinkage depth of the tire increases so does the rolling resistance 9it faces . In order to find the air pressure of the tire propagates the rolling resistance , we have to find the air pressure which has the least rolling resistance value . The absolute uncertainties that were obtained in our experiment for the rolling resistance were low , this shows that the values that we have obtained are precise . Performing this experiment at a small scale makes the rolling resistance negliblie. The devices that were used to measure the numerical values had a low least count . From the results that have been , there is a high possibility of the presence of random errors since the values that have been recorded show an inconsistency at unlikely events during the experiment. The experiment involved focusing on a variable and its outcome on a particular event . At best this approach can be considered incomplete as there are others factors present in the experiment that might affected the rolling resistance equally if not partially . There is a high possibility that the temperature also a major impact on the experiment and hence further areas for research include involving temperature as a variable in deciding if sinkage depth alone affects the rolling resistance linearly . Another area left for research and investigation is to find a quantitative data for the rolling resistance coefficient. In the experiment we found several data for the rolling resistance co-efficient , however we couldn’t compare this to a literature value due to a lack of research of bicycles on sand . Limitations in the model The limitations in the experiment that has been performed mainly arises from the various assumptions that have been made . The sand that was used as for the sand bed was procured from an open sea beach. Although the sand was smoothened and sieved there is a high possibility that the sand contained minute impurities such as small fragments of shell which might have had an counter-effect on the compressibility of the sand. It is also possible that the there was a high content of salt deposits on the sand as the sea water contained salt and the water from the sand had evaporated leaving behind salt deposits on the sand . We could have instead used soil instead as a surface bought from the market as this would be possibly have more uniformity than the sand . As mentioned in the method of investigation , the cycle had trainers attached to them while it rolled down the ramp in order to balance the cycle as it rolled down and prevent it from falling over . Since the trainers are wheels it is possible that they too contributed to the rolling resistance that the bicycle faced . However since all the quantitative values were recorded when the cycle was attached with trainers , the trainers have uniformly affected the rolling resistance in each trial and hence has no overall effect on the trend . The experiment also involved pouring a specific amount of water on the sand in order to increase the retentive ability if the sand . However , what has not been established in the experiment is the right amount of water that should be added to sand in order to increase the retentive ability . An increased amount of water in the sand will reduce the elasticity of the sand even though increasing the retentive ability of the sand. This will be detrimental to the experiment the actual sinkage depth of the tire will be reduced . Also , water was poured on the sand only once during the experiment . there is also a possibility that the water evaporated during the experiment , hence reducing the retentive ability of the sand and causing a discrepancy in the values obtained. The experiment was performed on in the outdoors during the day . The heat of sunlight was transferred to these materials used in the experiment , but since these materials have different thermal absorption capacitates their temperature might have varied. an abrupt increase in temperature induces a transient friction response similar to that induced by a step decrease in velocity ( Chester , 2012 ) . Since sand has a higher thermal capacity than wood the change in the temperature might cause a discrepancy . in order to control this variable we could have performed the experiment indoors with the temperature controlled by an air conditioner at 25a µC .